2,581 research outputs found
Tutorial: A guide to techniques for analysing recordings from the peripheral nervous system
The nervous system, through a combination of conscious and automatic processes, enables the regulation of the body and its interactions with the environment. The peripheral nervous system is an excellent target for technologies that seek to modulate, restore or enhance these abilities as it carries sensory and motor information that most directly relates to a target organ or function. However, many applications require a combination of both an effective peripheral nerve interface and effective signal processing techniques to provide selective and stable recordings. While there are many reviews on the design of peripheral nerve interfaces, reviews of data analysis techniques and translational considerations are limited. Thus, this tutorial aims to support new and existing researchers in the understanding of the general guiding principles, and introduces a taxonomy for electrode configurations, techniques and translational models to consider
Supervoid Origin of the Cold Spot in the Cosmic Microwave Background
We use a WISE-2MASS-Pan-STARRS1 galaxy catalog to search for a supervoid in
the direction of the Cosmic Microwave Background Cold Spot. We obtain
photometric redshifts using our multicolor data set to create a tomographic map
of the galaxy distribution. The radial density profile centred on the Cold Spot
shows a large low density region, extending over 10's of degrees. Motivated by
previous Cosmic Microwave Background results, we test for underdensities within
two angular radii, , and . Our data, combined with an
earlier measurement by Granett et al 2010, are consistent with a large supervoid with centered at . Such a supervoid, constituting a
fluctuation in the model, is a plausible cause
for the Cold Spot.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of IAU 306 Symposium: Statistical
Challenges in 21st Century Cosmolog
Stellar Spin-Orbit Misalignment in a Multiplanet System
Stars hosting hot Jupiters are often observed to have high obliquities,
whereas stars with multiple co-planar planets have been seen to have low
obliquities. This has been interpreted as evidence that hot-Jupiter formation
is linked to dynamical disruption, as opposed to planet migration through a
protoplanetary disk. We used asteroseismology to measure a large obliquity for
Kepler-56, a red giant star hosting two transiting co-planar planets. These
observations show that spin-orbit misalignments are not confined to hot-Jupiter
systems. Misalignments in a broader class of systems had been predicted as a
consequence of torques from wide-orbiting companions, and indeed
radial-velocity measurements revealed a third companion in a wide orbit in the
Kepler-56 system.Comment: Accepted for publication in Science, published online on October 17
2013; PDF includes main article and supplementary materials (65 pages, 27
figures, 7 tables); v2: small correction to author lis
The Cold Spot in the Cosmic Microwave Background: the Shadow of a Supervoid
Standard inflationary hot big bang cosmology predicts small
fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) with
isotropic Gaussian statistics. All measurements support the
standard theory, except for a few anomalies discovered in the
Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe maps and confirmed recently
by the Planck satellite. The Cold Spot is one of the most
significant of such anomalies, and the leading explanation of it
posits a large void that imprints this extremely cold area via
the linear Integrated Sachs-Wolfe (ISW) effect due to the decay
of gravitational potentials over cosmic time, or via the Rees-
Sciama (RS) effect due to late-time non-linear evolution.
Despite several observational campaigns targeting the Cold Spot
region, to date no suitably large void was found at higher
redshifts z>0.3. Here we report the detection of an R=(192±15)h
−1Mpc size supervoid of depth δ=−0.13±0.03, and centred at
redshift z=0.22. This supervoid, possibly the largest ever
found, is large enough to significantly affect the CMB via the
non-linear RS effect, as shown in our Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi
framework. This discovery presents the first plausible
explanation for any of the physical CMB anomalies, and raises
the possibility that local large-scale structure could be
responsible for other anomalies as well
The Social Life of Time and Methods: Studying London’s Temporal Architectures
This paper contributes to work on the social life of time. It focuses on how time is doubled; produced by and productive of the relations and processes it operates through. In particular, it explores the methodological implications of this conception of time for how social scientists may study the doubledness of time. It draws on an allied move within the social sciences to see methods as themselves doubled; as both emerging from and constitutive of the social worlds that they seek to understand. We detail our own very different methodological experiments with studying the social life of time in London, engaging interactive documentary to elucidate nonlinear imaginaries of space-time in London’s pop-up culture (Ella Harris) and encountering time on a series of walks along a particular stretch of road in south east London (Beckie Coleman). While clearly different projects in terms of their content, ambition and scope, in bringing these projects together we show the ability of our methods to grasp and perform from multiple angles and scales what Sharma calls ‘temporal architectures’. Temporal architectures, composed of elements including the built environment, commodities, services, technologies and labour, are infrastructures that enable social rhythms and temporal logics and that can entail a politicized valuing of the time of certain groups over others. We aim to contribute to an expanded and enriched conceptualisation of methods for exploring time, considering what our studies might offer to work on the doubled social life of time and methods, and highlighting in particular their implications for an engagement with a politics of time and temporality
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